ISSN: 2517-9543
Affiliations: Dean: Faculty of Law, Thompson Rivers University
Source: Juta’s Insurance Law Bulletin, Volume 29 Issue 2, 2026, p. 34-38
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ISSN: 2517-9543
Affiliations: Dean: Faculty of Law, Thompson Rivers University
Source: Juta’s Insurance Law Bulletin, Volume 29 Issue 2, 2026, p. 38-39
None
ISSN: 2709-8575
Affiliations: PhD; Department of Finance and Tax; Tax Unit for Fiscal Research, University of Cape Town, South Africa; MCom Department of Finance and Tax; Tax Unit for Fiscal Research, University of Cape Town, South Africa
Source: African Multidisciplinary Tax Journal, Volume 6, Issue 1 (2026), p. 1–23
https://doi.org/10.47348/AMTJ/V6/i1a1
This article examines how the OECD/G20 Global Anti-Base Erosion (GloBE) Pillar Two rules affect the legal design and project economics of South Africa’s upstream oil and gas tax regime. It addresses a gap in the literature by combining doctrinal analysis of the Global Minimum Tax Act 46 of 2024 with an adaptation of the IMF’s Fiscal Analysis of Resource Industries model for a representative project. Under the modelled assumptions, the Qualifying Domestic Minimum Topup Tax reduces the investor’s internal rate of return from 29% to 27%, and its net present value (NPV) from US$4.792 billion to US$4.423 billion, while increasing the NPV of government fiscal receipts excluding state participation by 13.7%. A scenario applying the 2026 Substance-based Tax Incentive Safe Harbour partly restores investor returns. The article concludes that Pillar Two partially neutralises the Tenth Schedule incentives and proposes a policy response for incentive design, legislative oversight and fiscal-stability negotiations.
ISSN: 2709-8575
Affiliations: Docteur en Sciences Economiques, Spécialiste certifié en Evaluation d’impact par le CIFOIT, Chargé d’études à l’Office Togolais des Recettes (OTR), Membre du Centre de Recherche en Economie Appliquée et Management des Organisations (CREAMO) de la Faculté des Sciences Economiques et de Gestion de l’Université de Lomé-Togo
Source: African Multidisciplinary Tax Journal, Volume 6, Issue 1 (2026), p. 24–40
https://doi.org/10.47348/AMTJ/V6/i1a2
This paper assesses the impact of taxing the informal sector on tax revenue in Togo using propensity score matching. An analysis of the determinants of firms’ registration decisions using a probit model shows that operating in the secondary and tertiary sectors negatively affects the probability of firm registration, with a more pronounced effect in the secondary sector. Firms operating in rented premises and having a lease agreement, as well as those headed by wealthy and educated individuals who hold a Tax Identification Number, are more likely to register. Regarding the impact assessment, the results indicate that taxing the informal sector contributes, on average, to an increase in tax revenue per firm, with the estimated increase ranging from 149,245 FCFA to 149,437 FCFA.
ISSN: 2709-8575
Affiliations: PhD; Tax Operation Group Federal Capital Territory Internal Revenue Service (FCT-IRS); Large Taxpayers Group, Nigeria Revenue Service (NRS); PhD; Department of Research and Statistics, Nigeria Revenue Service (NRS); Tax Operation Group Federal Capital Territory Internal Revenue Service (FCT-IRS)
Source: African Multidisciplinary Tax Journal, Volume 6, Issue 1 (2026), p. 41–72
https://doi.org/10.47348/AMTJ/V6/i1a3
Tax expenditure (TE) remains an area of contention in fiscal policy debate: it is seen as a legitimate instrument for investment promotion and economic stimulus that can expand the tax base over time; on the other hand, critics argue that the revenue forgone by TE means that resources are diverted away from financing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) without commensurate developmental benefits. This study empirically investigates the nexus between TE and the attainment of the SDGs in Nigeria, using quarterly time series data from January 2019 to December 2025. Given confirmed heteroskedasticity and serial correlation, the Newey-West heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation consistent (HAC) estimator is used as the primary basis for statistical inference, with Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression reported alongside as a robustness and coefficient-stability check. The study adopts two regression specifications: the baseline regression model to study the unmoderated effects of GDP, tax revenue, TE, debt servicing and foreign aid on SDG outcomes, and a moderated regression model with institutional quality (IQ) as a moderating variable. Model stability is confirmed by the Ramsey RESET test. The results indicate that TE negatively affects the progress of the SDGs in a statistically significant manner. Likewise, debt servicing (DS) constrains development outcomes. The results reveal positive relationships between GDP, tax revenue, foreign aid and SDG performance, but the introduction of institutional quality as a moderator significantly diminishes these effects by 91.2%, 82.0% and 43.9% respectively, making the effects of tax revenue and foreign aid statistically insignificant. Weak institutional quality worsened the negative impacts of TE and DS by 25.18% and 44.75%, respectively. These results validate the opportunity cost of TE policy in Nigeria. Lost revenue is a binding constraint on SDG financing and is compounded by severe institutional deficiencies that reduce the developmental returns to available fiscal resources. The study advocates for a holistic TE policy reform, underpinned by rigorous cost–benefit and opportunity cost analyses and institutional capacity-building to enhance the developmental returns of fiscal policy and economic growth.